I know it’s slightly more than 400 years, but: Science, aka. heresy in those days.

Giordano Bruno, born Filippo Bruno; January or February 1548 – 17 February 1600)

He proposed that the stars were distant suns surrounded by their own planets (exoplanets), and he raised the possibility that these planets might foster life of their own, a cosmological position known as cosmic pluralism. He also insisted that the universe is infinite and could have no center.

Bruno was tried for heresy by the Roman Inquisition on charges of denial of several core Catholic doctrines, including eternal damnation, the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, the virginity of Mary, and transubstantiation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giordano_Bruno