Which Diet Has the Least Environmental Impact on Our Planet? A Systematic Review of Vegan, Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets
www.mdpi.com
The food that we consume has a large impact on our environment. The impact varies significantly between different diets. The aim of this systematic review is to address the question: Which diet has the least environmental impact on our planet? A comparison of a vegan, vegetarian and omnivorous diets. This systematic review is based on 16 studies and 18 reviews. The included studies were selected by focusing directly on environmental impacts of human diets. Four electronic bibliographic databases, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science were used to conduct a systematic literature search based on fixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The durations of the studies ranged from 7 days to 27 years. Most were carried out in the US or Europe. Results from our review suggest that the vegan diet is the optimal diet for the environment because, out of all the compared diets, its production results in the lowest level of GHG emissions. Additionally, the reviewed studies indicate the possibility of achieving the same environmental impact as that of the vegan diet, without excluding the meat and dairy food groups, but rather, by reducing them substantially.

In conclusion, a 100% plant-based diet (e.g., vegan) has the least environmental impact. Therefore, this review further supports the wealth of existing evidence supporting a transition to a more sustainable food system and food consumption. Still, it is important to note that, in order for a 100% plant-based diet to be sustainable, local products that minimize the environmental impact of transport should be preferred. Further research should focus on the GHGEs from different types of plant-based foods, and modified omnivorous diets with the same environmental impact as the impact from vegan diet.

En conclusion, une alimentation 100% végétale (par exemple, végétalienne) a le moins d’impact environnemental. Par conséquent, cette revue appuie davantage la richesse des preuves existantes soutenant une transition vers un système alimentaire et une consommation alimentaire plus durables. Néanmoins, il est important de noter que, pour qu’une alimentation 100% végétale soit durable, il faut privilégier les produits locaux qui minimisent l’impact environnemental des transports. Des recherches supplémentaires devraient se concentrer sur les GES de différents types d’aliments à base de plantes et sur les régimes omnivores modifiés ayant le même impact environnemental que l’impact du régime végétalien.

  • SnoopyOPFrançais
    2·
    1 year ago

    De rien, c’était des article que j’avais lu sur reddit r/science de la part de u/Unethical_Orange. J’essaye de les retrouver et les poster ici. Même si c’est en anglais et plutot localisé aux USA, ça reste très intéressant :)